Animal Reproduction (AR)
https://animal-reproduction.org/article/doi/10.1590/1984-3143-AR2023-0019
Animal Reproduction (AR)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Impact of high-fat diet consumption during prolonged period of pregnancy on placenta structures and umbilical vascular growth in goats

Alessandra Façanha Bezerra; Juliana Paula Martins Alves; César Carneiro Linhares Fernandes; Camila Muniz Cavalcanti; Maria Raquel Lopes Silva; Alfredo José Herrera Conde; Gaby Judith Quispe Palomino; Dárcio Ítalo Alves Teixeira; Aníbal Coutinho do Rego; Ana Paula Ribeiro Rodrigues; Davide Rondina

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Abstract

This study aimed to verify the impact of high-fat diet consumption for a prolonged period on oxidative stress, fetal growth, umbilical vascular system, and placental structures in pregnant goats. Twenty-two pregnant goats were grouped into the control diet (n= 11) and fat diet (n = 11). Flaxseed meal was added to the fat diet, replacing the corn grain of concentrate, from gestational day 100 to delivery date. Diets were isonitrogenous and isoenergetic, differing in fat content (2.8% vs. 6.3% dry matter). The fat group showed higher feed intake and total plasma lipid levels than the control group (P < 0.001). No difference was found in placentome, and umbilical vascular development. Fat diet-fed goats exhibited a lower systolic peak in the umbilical artery. At delivery, placental traits were similar with the exception of the cotyledon width (P = 0.0075), which was smaller in the fat group and cotyledon surface (P = 0.0047) for multiple pregnancy of fat diet. Cotyledonary epithelium showed more intense staining of lipid droplets and a greater area for lipofuscin staining in the fat group compared to control group (P < 0.001). The mean live weight of the kids was lower in the fat group in the first week after delivery than in control group. Thus, in goats, the continuous administration of a high-fat diet during pregnancy does not appear to modify the fetal-maternal vascular structures but has an impact on a part of the placental structure; therefore, its use must be carefully evaluated.

Keywords

goat, fat diet, pregnancy, fetal growth, oxidative stress

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Submitted date:
01/31/2023

Accepted date:
04/04/2023

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