Effect of trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid on boar semen quality after cryopreservation
Sofia Margarida Pontes Teixeira, António Eduardo Nobre Chaveiro, Joaquim Fernando Moreira da Silva
Abstract
The use of frozen semen in pig industry is limited by problems with viability and fertility compared to cooled semen. Part of the decrease in motility and fertility, associated to cryopreservation, may be due to oxidative damage from excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Frozen thawed boar spermatozoa are still considered suboptimal due to the low conception rates and smaller litters after artificial insemination. The relatively low fertility of frozen thawed boar semen is associated with many factors including cytotoxicity of the cryoprotectant, osmotic stress, injuries due to ice formation during freezing and thawing, cold shock damages and even inter and intra variations present among boars. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of conjugated linoleic acid (trans10, cis-12; CLA) supplementation in the cryopreservation extender frozen-thawed boar on semen quality parameters. Semen was collected from three boars (three ejaculates per boar) which were subjected to cryopreservation, without any supplementation (control) or supplemented with 50 µm CLA, and then the semen was frozen using a controlled rate freezer. Before freezing, and after thawing, the sperm motility was assessed, microscopically and viability and acrosome integrity were assessed using the flow cytometry technique. Regarding live spermatozoa, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed among treatments. However, statistical differences (P < 0.05) were found between refrigerated and frozen-thawed semen. Both sperm viability and motility diminished after thawing. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in motility were found not only between refrigerated semen and frozen-thawed group, but also between treatments. In acrosome integrity, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed among treatments. In conclusion, the addition of trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid, in the concentration used in the cryopreservation media, showed no advantages on the post-thaw boar sperm viability and integrity.
Keywords
References
Amaru DL, Field CJ. 2009. Conjugated linoleic acid decreases mcf-7 human breast cancer cell growth and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor levels. Lipids, 44:449-458.
Barros MHC, Shiomi HH, Amorim LS, Guimarães SEF, Lopes PS, Siqueira JB, Guimarães JD. 2012. Criopreservação de sêmen de suínos da raça Piau submetido a três protocolos de congelamento. Rev Bras Zootec, 41:914-922.
Birck A, Labouriau R, Christensen P. 2009. Dynamics of the induced acrosome reaction in boar sperm evaluated by flow cytometry. Anim Reprod Sci, 115:124-136.
Cerolini S, Maldjian A, Surai P, Noble R. 2000. Viability susceptibility to peroxidation and fatty acid composition of boar semen during liquid storage. Anim Reprod Sci, 1-2:99-111.
Fraser L, Strzezek J, Kordan W. 2014. Post-thaw sperm characteristics following long-term storage of boar semen in liquid nitrogen. Anim Reprod Sci, 147:119-127.
Gadea J. 2003. Semen extenders used in artificial insemination of swine. Span J Agric Res, 1:17-27. Gadea J, Gumbao D, Matas C, Romar R. 2005. Supplementation of the thawing media with reduced glutathione improves function and the in vitro fertilizing ability of boar spermatozoa after cryopreservation. J Androl, 26:749-756.
Guthrie HD, Welch GR. 2006. Determination of intracellular reactive oxygen species and high mitochondrial membrane potential in Percoll-treated viable boar sperm using fluorescence-activated flow cytometry. J Anim Sci, 84:2089-2100.
Hossain MDS, Tareq KMA, Hammano K, Tsuji H. 2007. Effect of fatty acids on boar sperm motility, viability and acrossome reaction. Reprod Med Biol, 6:235-239.
Kaeoket K. 2012. Cryopreservation of boar spermatozoa: an important role of antioxidants. In: Katkov I (Ed.). Current Frontiers in Cryopreservation. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech. pp. 139-164.
Mahadevan MM, Miller MM, Moutos DM. 1997. Absence of glucose decreases human fertilization and sperm movement characteristic in vitro. Hum Reprod, 12:119-123.
Maldjian A, Pizzi F, Gliozzi T, Cerolini S, Penny P, Noble R. 2005. Changes in sperm quality and lipid composition during cryopreservation of boar semen. Theriogenology, 63:411-421.
Marin S, Chiang K, Bassilian S, Lee WN, Boros LG, Fernandez-Novell JM, Centelless JJ, Medrano A, Rodriguez-Gil JE, Cascante M. 2003. Metabolic strategy of boar spermatozoa revealed by metabolomic characterization. FEBS Lett, 554:342-346.
Ohata PM, Wentz I, Bernardi ML. 2001. Viability of frozen swine semen submitted to a pre-freezing equilibrium time in the presence or absence of seminal plasma. Arq Fac Vet UFRGS, 29:123-129.
Ohata PM, Bernardi ML, Reis GR. 2005. Congelabilidade do sêmen suíno de acordo com o período de equilíbrio pré-congelamento e da sensibilidade ao resfriamento. Arch Vet Sci, 10:69-74.
Pérez LJ, Valcárcel A, de las Heras MA, Moses D, Baldassarre H. 1996. Evidence that frozen/thawed ram spermatozoa show accelerated capacitation in vitro as assessed by chlortetracycline assay. Theriogenology, 46:131-140.
Pérez-Pé R, Cebrian-Pérez JA, Muiño-Blanco T. 2001.Semen plasma proteins prevent cold-shock membrane damage to ram spermatozoa, Theriogenology, 56:425-434.
Ringseis R, Gaiping W, Saal D, Eder K. 2008. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers reduce cholesterol accumulation in acetylated LDL-induced mouse RAW264.7 macrophage derived foam cells. Lipids, 43:913-923.
Salamon S, Maxwell WMC. 2000. Storage of ram semen. Anim Reprod Sci, 62:77-111.
Sampath H, Ntambi JM. 2005. Polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of genes of lipid metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr, 25:317-340.
Shiomi HH. 2013. Criopreservação de espermatozoides suínos da raça Piau: avaliação de curvas de congelamento e centrifugações. Viçosa, MG: Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Thesis.
Takahashi T, Itoh R, Nishinomiya H, Katoh M, Manabe N. 2012. Effect of linoleic acid albumin in a dilution solution and long-term equilibration for freezing of bovine spermatozoa with poor freezability. Reprod Domest Anim, 47:92-97.
Teixeira SMP, Chaveiro A, Silva FM. 2015a. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on boar semen quality after long‐term refrigeration at 17°C. Reprod Domest Anim, 50:604-610.
Teixeira SMP, Chaveiro A, Silva FM. 2015b. The effects of three extenders on refrigerated boar semen. Afr J Anim Sci, 45:82-88.
Trout SW. 2012. Evaluation of different concentrations of egg yolk in canine frozen semen extender. Blacksburg, VA: Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Master of Science Thesis.
Watson PF. 1995. Recent developments and concepts in the cryopreservation of spermatozoa and the assessment of their post-thawing functions. Reprod Fertil Dev, 7:871-891.
Watson PF. 2000. The causes of reduced fertility with cryopreserved semen. Anim Reprod Sci, 61:481-492.
Westendorf P, Richter L, Treu H. 1975. Deep freezing of boar spermatozoa. Laboratory and insemination results using the Hulsenberger paillete method [in German]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 82:261-267.
White IG, 1993. Lipids and calcium uptake of sperm in relation to cold shock and preservation. Reprod Fertil Dev, 5:639-658.
Zeng C, Peng W, Ding L, He L, Zhang Y, Fang D, Tang K. 2014. A preliminary study on epigenetic changes during boar spermatozoa cryopreservation. Cryobiology, 69:119-127.
Zhao G, Subbaiah PV, Mintzer E, Chiu SW, Jakobsson E, Scott HL. 2011. Molecular dynamic simulation study of cholesterol and conjugated double bonds in lipid bilayers. Chem Phys Lipids, 164:811-818.
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email