Abuajamieh M, Kvidera SK, Mayorga EJ, Kaiser A, Lei S, Seibert JT, Horst EA, Sanz Fernandez MV, Ross JW, Selsby JT 2018. The effect of recovery from heat stress on circulating bioenergetics and inflammatory biomarkers. J Anim Sci, 96:4599-4610.

Aditya S, Humer E, Pourazad P, Khiaosa-Ard R, Huber J, Zebeli Q. 2017. Intramammary infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide negatively affects feed intake, chewing, and clinical variables, but some effects are stronger in cows experiencing subacute rumen acidosis. J Dairy Sci, 100:363-1377.

Battaglia FC, Meschia G. 1978. Principal substrates of fetal metabolism. Physiol Rev, 58:499-527.

Bauman DE, Currie WB. 1980. Partitioning of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation: a review of mechanisms involving homeostasis and homeorhesis. J Dairy Sci, 63:1514-1529.

Baumgard LH, Rhoads RP. 2013. Effects of heat stress on postabsorptive metabolism and energetics. Ann Rev Anim Biosci, 1:311-337.

Baumgard LH, Collier RJ, Bauman DE. 2017. A 100-Year Review: Regulation of nutrient partitioning to support lactation. J Dairy Sci, 100:10353-10366.

Beam SW, Butler WR. 1999. Effects of energy balance on follicular development and first ovulation in postpartum dairy cows. J Reprod Fertil Suppl, 54:411-424.

Berlinguer F, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Contreras-Solis I, Spezzigu A, Torres-Rovira L, Succu S, Naitana S, Leoni GG. 2012. Glucogenic supply increases oocyte developmental competence in sheep. Reprod Fertil Dev, 24:1055-1062.

Breen KM, Karsch FJ. 2006. New insights regarding glucocorticoids, stress and gonadotropin suppression. Front Neuroendocrinol, 27:233-245.

Bromfield JJ, Santos JEP, Block J, Williams RS, Sheldon IM. 2015. Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium: Uterine infection: linking infection and innate immunity with infertility in the high-producing dairy cow. J Anim Sci, 93:2021-2033.

Butler WR. 1998. Review: effect of protein nutrition on ovarian and uterine physiology in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 81:2533-2539.

Butler WR. 2000. Nutritional interactions with reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Anim Reprod Sci, 60-61:449-457.

Butler ST. 2014. Nutritional management to optimize fertility of dairy cows in pasture-based systems. Animal, 8(Suppl 1):15-26.

Butler ST, Marr AL, Pelton SH, Radcliff RP, Lucy MC, Butler WR. 2003. Insulin restores GH responsiveness during lactation-induced negative energy balance in dairy cattle: effects on expression of IGF-I and GH receptor 1A. J Endocrinol, 176:205-217.

Canaza-Cayo AW, Lopes PS, da Silva MVGB, de Almeida Torres R, Martins MF, Arbex WA, Cobuci JA. 2015. Genetic parameters for milk yield and lactation persistency using random regression models in girolando cattle. Asian-Austr J Anim Sci, 28:1407-1418.

Canfield RW, Butler WR. 1990. Energy balance and pulsatile LH secretion in early postpartum dairy cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 7:323-330.

Canfield RW, Butler WR. 1991. Energy balance, first ovulation and the effects of naloxone on LH secretion in early postpartum dairy cows. J Anim Sci, 69:740-746.

Carnevale EM, Ramirez RJ, Squires EL, Alvarenga MA, Vanderwall DK, McCue PM. 2000. Factors affecting pregnancy rates and early embryonic death after equine embryo transfer. Theriogenology, 54:965-979.

Carvalho PD, Santos VG, Giordano JO, Wiltbank MC, Fricke PM 2018. Development of fertility programs to achieve high 21-day pregnancy rates in high-producing dairy cows. Theriogenology, 114:165-172.

Chapinal N, Leblanc SJ, Carson ME, Leslie KE, Godden S, Capel M, Santos JEP, Overton MW, Duffield TF. 2012. Herd-level association of serum metabolites in the transition period with disease, milk production, and early lactation reproductive performance. J Dairy Sci, 95:5676-5682.

Collier RJ, Renquist BJ, Xiao Y. 2017. A 100-Year Review: Stress physiology including heat stress. J Dairy Sci, 100:10367-10380.

Cook NB. 2019. Designing facilities for the adult Dairy cow during the nonlactation and early lactation period. Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Prac, 35:125-138.

Dobson H, Smith RF. 2000. What is stress, and how does it affect reproduction? Anim Reprod Sci, 60-61:743-752.

D’Occhio MJ, Baruselli PS, Campanile G. 2019. Influence of nutrition, body condition, and metabolic status on reproduction in female beef cattle: A review. Theriogenology, 125:277-284.

Ealy AD, Drost M, Hansen PJ. 1993. Developmental changes in embryonic resistance to adverse effects of maternal heat stress in cows. J Dairy Sci, 76:2899-2905.

Eckel EF, Ametaj BN. 2016. Invited review: Role of bacterial endotoxins in the etiopathogenesis of periparturient diseases of transition dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 99:5967-5990.

Esposito G, Irons PC, Webb EC, Chapwanya A. 2014. Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 144:60-71.

Forde N, Lonergan P. 2017. Interferon-tau and fertility in ruminants. Reproduction, 154:F33-F43.

Fuenzalida MJ, Fricke PM, Ruegg PL. 2015. The association between occurrence and severity of subclinical and clinical mastitis on pregnancies per artificial insemination at first service of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 98:3791-3805.

Funnell BJ, Hilton WM. 2016. Management and prevention of dystocia. Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Prac, 32:511-522.

Galvão KN, Flaminio MJBF, Brittin SB, Sper R, Fraga M, Caixeta L, Ricci A, Guard CL, Butler WR, Gilbert RO. 2010. Association between uterine disease and indicators of neutrophil and systemic energy status in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 93:2926-2937.

Gilbert RO. 2019. Symposium review: Mechanisms of disruption of fertility by infectious diseases of the reproductive tract. J Dairy Sci, 102:3754-3765.

Graugnard DE, Bionaz M, Trevisi E, Moyes KM, Salak-Johnson JL, Wallace RL, Drackley JK, Bertoni G, Loor JJ. 2012. Blood immunometabolic indices and polymorphonuclear neutrophil function in peripartum dairy cows are altered by level of dietary energy prepartum. J Dairy Sci, 95:1749-1758.

Green JC, Meyer JP, Williams AM, Newsom EM, Keisler DH, Lucy MC. 2012. Pregnancy development from day 28 to 42 of gestation in postpartum Holstein cows that were either milked (lactating) or not milked (not lactating) after calving. Reproduction, 143:699-711.

Gwazdauskas FC. 1985. Effects of climate on reproduction in cattle. J Dairy Sci, 68:1568-1578.

Hansen PJ. 2007. Exploitation of genetic and physiological determinants of embryonic resistance to elevated temperature to improve embryonic survival in dairy cattle during heat stress. Theriogenology, 68 (Suppl 1): S242-249.

Hansen PJ. 2009. Effects of heat stress on mammalian reproduction. Phil Trans Royal Soc London. Series B, Biol Sci, 364:3341-3350.

Hansen PJ, Aréchiga CF. 1999. Strategies for managing reproduction in the heat-stressed dairy cow. J Anim Sci, 77(Suppl 2):36-50.

Hansen PJ, Soto P, Natzke RP. 2004. Mastitis and fertility in cattle - possible involvement of inflammation or immune activation in embryonic mortality. Am J Reprod Immunol, 51:294-301.

Hansen TR, Sinedino LDP, Spencer TE. 2017. Paracrine and endocrine actions of interferon tau (IFNT). Reproduction, 154:F45-F59.

Hemsworth PH, Coleman GJ, Barnett JL, Borg S. 2000. Relationships between human-animal interactions and productivity of commercial dairy cows. J Anim Sci, 78:2821-2831.

Hong H, Lee E, Lee IH, Lee S-R. 2019. Effects of transport stress on physiological responses and milk production in lactating dairy cows. Asian-Austral J Anim Sci, 32:442-451.

Huzzey JM, DeVries TJ, Valois P, von Keyserlingk M a G. 2006. Stocking density and feed barrier design affect the feeding and social behavior of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 89:126-133.

Jensen MB, Proudfoot KL. 2017. Effect of group size and health status on behavior and feed intake of multiparous dairy cows in early lactation. J Dairy Sci, 100:9759-9768.

Jewell MT, Cameron M, Spears J, McKenna SL, Cockram MS, Sanchez J, Keefe GP. 2019. Prevalence of hock, knee, and neck skin lesions and associated risk factors in dairy herds in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. J Dairy Sci, 102:3376-3391.

Kammel DW, Burgi K, Lewis J. 2019. Design and management of proper handling systems for dairy cows. Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Prac, 35:195-227.

Karsch FJ, Battaglia DF, Breen KM, Debus N, Harris TG. 2002. Mechanisms for ovarian cycle disruption by immune/inflammatory stress. Stress, 5:101-112.

al-Katanani YM, Webb DW, Hansen PJ. 1999. Factors affecting seasonal variation in 90-day nonreturn rate to first service in lactating Holstein cows in a hot climate. J Dairy Sci, 82:2611-2616.

Kawashima C, Matsui M, Shimizu T, Kida K, Miyamoto A. 2012. Nutritional factors that regulate ovulation of the dominant follicle during the first follicular wave postpartum in high-producing dairy cows. J Reprod Dev, 58:10-16.

von Keyserlingk MAG, Weary DM. 2017. A 100-Year Review: Animal welfare in the J Dairy Sci,-The first 100 years. J Dairy Sci, 100:10432-10444.

Kumar N, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, Jeyakumar S, Sreela L, Mooventhan P, Sivaram M. 2017. Mastitis effects on reproductive performance in dairy cattle: a review. Trop Anim Health Prod, 49:663-673.

LeBlanc SJ. 2012. Interactions of metabolism, inflammation, and reproductive tract health in the postpartum period in dairy cattle. Reprod Domest Anim, 47 (Suppl 5):18-30.

Leroy JLMR, Vanholder T, Van Knegsel ATM, Garcia-Ispierto I, Bols PEJ. 2008. Nutrient prioritization in dairy cows early postpartum: mismatch between metabolism and fertility? Reprod Domest Anim, 43 (Suppl 2):96-103.

Leroy JLMR, Rizos D, Sturmey R, Bossaert P, Gutierrez-Adan A, Van Hoeck V, Valckx S, Bols PEJ. 2011. Intrafollicular conditions as a major link between maternal metabolism and oocyte quality: a focus on dairy cow fertility. Reprod Fertil Dev, 24:1-12.

Lima MLP, Negrão JA, de Paz CCP, Grandin T. 2018. Minor corral changes and adoption of good handling practices can improve the behavior and reduce cortisol release in Nellore cows. Trop Anim Health Prod, 50:525-530.

Lindahl C, Pinzke S, Herlin A, Keeling LJ. 2016. Human-animal interactions and safety during dairy cattle handling--Comparing moving cows to milking and hoof trimming. J Dairy Sci, 99:2131-2141.

Lonergan P. 2011. Influence of progesterone on oocyte quality and embryo development in cows. Theriogenology, 76:1594-1601.

Lucy MC. 2004. Mechanisms linking the somatotropic axis with insulin: Lessons from the postpartum dairy cow. Proc NZ Soc Anim Prod, 64:19-23.

Lucy MC. 2011. Growth hormone regulation of follicular growth. Reprod Fertil Dev, 24:19-28.

Lucy MC. 2019. Symposium review: Selection for fertility in the modern dairy cow-Current status and future direction for genetic selection. J Dairy Sci, 102:3706-3721.

Lucy MC, Green JC, Meyer JP, Williams AM, Newsom EM, Keisler DH. 2012. Short communication: glucose and fructose concentrations and expression of glucose transporters in 4- to 6-week pregnancies collected from Holstein cows that were either lactating or not lactating. J Dairy Sci, 95:5095-5101.

Lucy MC, Butler ST, Garverick HA. 2014. Endocrine and metabolic mechanisms linking postpartum glucose with early embryonic and foetal development in dairy cows. Animal, 8:82-90.

Lucy MC, Evans TJ, Poock SE. 2016. Lymphocytic foci in the endometrium of pregnant dairy cows: Characterization and association with reduced placental weight and embryonic loss. Theriogenology, 86:1711-1719.

Miglior F, Fleming A, Malchiodi F, Brito LF, Martin P, Baes CF. 2017. A 100-Year Review: Identification and genetic selection of economically important traits in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 100:10251-10271.

Minton JE. 1994. Function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system in models of acute stress in domestic farm animals. J Anim Sci, 72:1891-1898.

Munksgaard L, De Passillé AM, Rushen J, Thodberg K, Jensen MB. 1997. Discrimination of people by dairy cows based on handling. J Dairy Sci, 80:1106-1112.

Newcomer BW, Givens D. 2016. Diagnosis and Control of Viral Diseases of Reproductive Importance: Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Bovine Viral Diarrhea. Vet Clin N Amer Food Anim Prac, 32:425-441.

O’Driscoll K, von Keyserlingk MAG, Weary DM. 2006. Effects of mixing on drinking and competitive behavior of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 89:229-233.

Overton TR, McArt JAA, Nydam DV. 2017. A 100-Year Review: Metabolic health indicators and management of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 100:10398-10417.

Pohler KG, Pereira MHC, Lopes FR, Lawrence JC, Keisler DH, Smith MF, Vasconcelos JLM, Green JA. 2016. Circulating concentrations of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoproteins and late embryonic mortality in lactating dairy herds. J Dairy Sci, 99:1584-1594.

Polsky L, von Keyserlingk MAG. 2017. Invited review: Effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare. J Dairy Sci, 100:8645-8657.

Putney DJ, Drost M, Thatcher WW. 1989. Influence of summer heat stress on pregnancy rates of lactating dairy cattle following embryo transfer or artificial insemination. Theriogenology, 31:765-778.

Radcliff RP, McCormack BL, Crooker BA, Lucy MC. 2003. Growth hormone (GH. binding and expression of GH receptor 1A mRNA in hepatic tissue of periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 86:3933-3940.

Ralph CR, Lehman MN, Goodman RL, Tilbrook AJ 2016. Impact of psychosocial stress on gonadotrophins and sexual behaviour in females: role for cortisol? Reproduction, 152:R1-R14.

Roth Z. 2017. Effect of Heat Stress on Reproduction in Dairy Cows: Insights into the Cellular and Molecular Responses of the Oocyte. Ann Rev Animl Biosci 5:151-170.

Roth Z. 2018a. Stress-induced alterations in oocyte transcripts are further expressed in the developing blastocyst. Mol Reprod Dev, 85:821-835.

Roth Z. 2018b. Symposium review: Reduction in oocyte developmental competence by stress is associated with alterations in mitochondrial function. J Dairy Sci, 101:3642-3654.

Sakatani M. 2017. Effects of heat stress on bovine preimplantation embryos produced in vitro. J Reprod Dev, 63:347-352.

Scott CJ, Rose JL, Gunn AJ,, McGrath BM 2019. Kisspeptin and the regulation of the reproductive axis in domestic animals. J Endocrinol, 240:R1-R16.

Sheldon IM. 2015. Milk somatic cell counts and pregnancy rates in dairy cattle. Vet Rec, 176:409-410.

Sheldon IM, Cronin JG, Pospiech M, Turner ML. 2018. Symposium review: Mechanisms linking metabolic stress with innate immunity in the endometrium. J Dairy Sci, 101:3655-3664.

Shock DA, Renaud DL, Roche SM, Poliquin R, Thomson R, Olson ME. 2018. Evaluating the impact of meloxicam oral suspension administered at parturition on subsequent production, health, and culling in dairy cows: A randomized clinical field trial. PloS One, 13:e0209236.

Sordillo LM. 2018. Mammary Gland Immunobiology and Resistance to Mastitis. Vet Clin N Amer Food Anim Prac, 34:507-523.

Spencer TE, Forde N, Lonergan P. 2016. The role of progesterone and conceptus-derived factors in uterine biology during early pregnancy in ruminants. J Dairy Sci, 99:5941-5950.

Thissen JP, Ketelslegers JM, Underwood LE. 1994. Nutritional regulation of the insulin-like growth factors. Endocrine Rev, 15:80-101.

Ulberg LC, Burfening PJ. 1967. Embryo death resulting from adverse environment on spermatozoa or ova. J Anim Sci, 26:571-577.

Val-Laillet D, Veira DM, von Keyserlingk M a G. 2008. Short communication: dominance in free-stall-housed dairy cattle is dependent upon resource. J Dairy Sci, 91:3922-3926.

Vander Heiden MG, Cantley LC, Thompson CB. 2009. Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science (New York, N.Y.) 324:1029-1033.

Velazquez MA, Spicer LJ, Wathes DC. 2008. The role of endocrine insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in female bovine reproduction. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 35:325-342.

Veldhuis JD, Roemmich JN, Richmond EJ, Bowers CY. 2006. Somatotropic and gonadotropic axes linkages in infancy, childhood, and the puberty-adult transition. Endocrine Rev 27:101-140.

Wade GN, Jones JE. 2004. Neuroendocrinology of nutritional infertility. Am J Physiol Reg Integrat Comp Physiol, 287:R1277-1296.

Wathes DC. 2012. Mechanisms linking metabolic status and disease with reproductive outcome in the dairy cow. Reprod Dom Anim, 47 (Suppl 4):304-312.

Wathes DC, Cheng Z, Bourne N, Taylor VJ, Coffey MP, Brotherstone S. 2007. Differences between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows in the inter-relationships between metabolic traits, milk yield and body condition score in the periparturient period. Domest Anim Endocrinol, 33:203-225.

White HM. 2015. The Role of TCA Cycle Anaplerosis in ketosis and fatty liver in periparturient dairy cows. Animals, 5:793-802.

Wilde D. 2006. Influence of macro and micro minerals in the peri-parturient period on fertility in dairy cattle. Anim Reprod Sci, 96:240-249.

Wilson SJ, Marion RS, Spain JN, Spiers DE, Keisler DH, Lucy MC. 1998. Effects of controlled heat stress on ovarian function of dairy cattle. 1. Lactating cows. J Dairy Sci, 81:2124-2131.

Wiltbank MC, Sartori R, Herlihy MM, Vasconcelos JLM, Nascimento AB, Souza AH, Ayres H, Cunha AP, Keskin A, Guenther JN 2011. Managing the dominant follicle in lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology, 76:1568-1582.

Wolfenson D, Lew BJ, Thatcher WW, Graber Y, Meidan R. 1997. Seasonal and acute heat stress effects on steroid production by dominant follicles in cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 47:9-19.